{"id":1227,"date":"2023-10-12T03:03:32","date_gmt":"2023-10-12T00:03:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmindragomir.ro\/?p=1227"},"modified":"2023-10-13T08:03:32","modified_gmt":"2023-10-13T05:03:32","slug":"radu-bozocea-expert-in-drepturi-proprietate-intelectuala-ce-putem-si-ce-nu-putem-inregistra-ca-marca-in-gastronomie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cosmindragomir.ro\/ro\/2023\/10\/12\/radu-bozocea-expert-in-drepturi-proprietate-intelectuala-ce-putem-si-ce-nu-putem-inregistra-ca-marca-in-gastronomie\/","title":{"rendered":"Radu Bozocea, expert \u00een drepturi proprietate intelectual\u0103: ce putem \u0219i ce nu putem \u00eenregistra ca marc\u0103 \u00een gastronomie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Radu Bozocea activeaz\u0103 din 2002 la Weizmann Ariana & Partners<\/a>, agen\u021bia de proprietate industrial\u0103 cu cele mai multe cereri de m\u0103rci (peste 500)<\/em> depuse la Oficiul European de Proprietate Intelectual\u0103, conform EUIPO Statistical pack by country 2015-2018. Din anul 2016, este partener senior al biroului din Bucure\u0219ti, iar din 2018 permanent counsel al biroului din Leiden (Olanda) al firmei. A absolvit studii superioare economice \u0219i juridice cu formare \u00een IP Management and Valuation (Londra 2016) \u0219i Brand Equity (Viena 2017). <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

De ce e bine \u0219i recomandabil s\u0103 ne protej\u0103m brandurile?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mai relevante pentru cei \u00eenc\u0103 indeci\u0219i (din ce \u00een ce mai pu\u021bini ) sunt riscurile ne\u00eenregistr\u0103rii unui nume\/denumiri folosite pentru a numi un produs sau un serviciu dup\u0103 care clien\u021bii te recunosc pe pia\u021b\u0103 dintre restul competitorilor Aceste riscuri esen\u021biale cred pentru o continuitate propus\u0103 a activit\u0103\u021bii ar fi :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. F\u0103r\u0103 \u00eenregistrare, este posibil s\u0103 nu ave\u021bi drepturi exclusive de utilizare a m\u0103rcii comerciale. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 al\u021bii pot folosi o marc\u0103 similar\u0103 sau identic\u0103, ceea ce poate provoca confuzie \u00een r\u00e2ndul consumatorilor, pierderea clien\u021bilor si plata unor eventuale desp\u0103gubiri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.Dac\u0103 altcineva folose\u0219te o marc\u0103 similar\u0103 sau identic\u0103, este mult mai dificil de luat m\u0103suri legale dac\u0103 nu este \u00eenregistrata marca comercial\u0103. Cu o marc\u0103 \u00eenregistrat\u0103, ave\u021bi prezum\u021bia legal\u0103 de proprietate \u0219i dreptul exclusiv de a utiliza marca la nivel na\u021bional pe sau \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu bunurile\/serviciile enumerate \u00een \u00eenregistrare la clasificarea NISA<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Dupa \u00eenregistrare m\u0103rcile comerciale devin active valoroase. Ele pot fi licen\u021biate, francizate sau chiar v\u00e2ndute. A avea o marc\u0103 \u00eenregistrat\u0103 \u00eei cre\u0219te valoarea \u0219i poten\u021bialul de oportunit\u0103\u021bi comerciale independent de activitatea de baza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 4. Afi\u0219area simbolului \u00ae \u00eempreun\u0103 cu marca comercial\u0103 semnaleaz\u0103 o afacere serioas\u0103 si \u00een plus c\u0103 este \u00eenregistrat \u0219i poate descuraja poten\u021bialii contravenien\u021bi. Dac\u0103 nu v-a\u021bi \u00eenregistrat, nu pute\u021bi folosi legal acest simbol, pierz\u00e2nd astfel aceast\u0103 form\u0103 de descurajare pasiv\u0103 si in plus nu pute\u021bi utiliza un simbol echivalent cu dorin\u021ba de reputa\u021bie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 5. Pierderea poten\u021bial\u0103 a domeniului de internet : dac\u0103 cineva \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 un nume de domeniu care include marca comercial\u0103 ne\u00eenregistrat\u0103, ar putea fi mai dificil s\u0103 se argumenteze pentru transferul acelui nume de domeniu.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Cost\u0103 mult, e dificil s\u0103 \u00eenregistrezi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da, este dificil sa \u00eenregistrezi corect o marca, un desen sau un brevet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este foarte u\u0219or sa depui cererea, aproape toate oficiile primesc depuneri online \u0219i plata cu cardul, dar o clasificare eronat\u0103\/incomplet\u0103 sau o alt\u0103 marc\u0103 identic\u0103 deja \u00eenregistrat\u0103 anterior fac ca inclusiv certificatul eliberat de oficiu sa nu fie relevant el put\u00e2nd fi anulat. Nota bene: oficiile nu verific\u0103 aceste aspecte, ele \u021bin de r\u0103spunderea solicitantului<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Despre c\u00e2t costa, am \u00eenceput inspirat cu riscurile pentru c\u0103 de fapt acolo sunt adev\u0103ratele costuri. Concret \u00eens\u0103, in medie \u00eenregistrarea unei m\u0103rci na\u021bionale cost\u0103 \u00een medie 500 euro care se pl\u0103tesc e\u0219alonat in timpul celor 6-9 luni de proceduri, iar urm\u0103toarea plat\u0103 se mai face peste 10 ani doar pentru o parte din taxe, este mult? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce putem \u00eenregistra? Nume, re\u021bete, cocktailuri…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orice crea\u021bie nou\u0103 si original\u0103, rezultat\u0103 ca efect al unui efort intelectual propriu si exclusiv \u00ee\u0219i poate g\u0103si forma de protejare (marc\u0103, copyright, know-how, desen sau model industrial, brevet de inven\u021bie sau model de utilitate) important este s\u0103 o identifici pe cea corect\u0103 care sa \u00ee\u0219i ating\u0103 scopul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pot \u00eenregistra, de exemplu, sarmale sau zacusc\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u0103spunsul la \u00eentrebarea de anterioar\u0103 este clar pentru acest aspect. Sunt noi sau originale? Au ap\u0103rut ca rezultat al efortului meu intelectual? Daca r\u0103spunsul la cele trei aspecte este afirmativ atunci se poate \u00eencerca \u00eenregistrarea si ob\u021binerea exclusivit\u0103\u021bii \u00een folosirea comercial\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De ce a\u0219 \u00eenregistra denumiri complexe care s\u0103 con\u021bin\u0103 sarmale sau zacusc\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tocmai pentru c\u0103 acele denumiri probabil sunt si noi, originale si rezultatul unui efort intelectual. Ele vor crea adev\u0103rata identitate a unui produs chiar si \u00een al\u0103turarea cu o denumire generic\u0103 iar \u00een timp s-ar putea sa devin\u0103 denumiri de sine st\u0103t\u0103toare si folosite chiar si f\u0103r\u0103 al\u0103turarea cu produsul generic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e2n\u0103 unde poate merge protejarea? Pot \u00eenregistra idei, concepte? Sau ce NU putem \u00eenregistra<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0103 l\u0103murim \u00eent\u00e2i partea cu protejarea idealelor care este o \u00eentrebare foarte \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103:  ai o idee pe care o consideri unic\u0103 pentru o poveste, un film, un produs sau un serviciu comercial, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este protejabil integral modul real \u00een care se exprim\u0103 sau se manifest\u0103 acea idee, concretizarea ei deci, cum ar fi povestea sau scenariul propriu-zis. Evident c\u0103 ideea \u00een sine nu este protejabila \u00een nici un fel (a\u0219a, ca si discu\u021bie relaxat\u0103, pot spune ca nici nu se poate \u0219tii cine a avut-o primul dac\u0103 ea nu s-a concretizat).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen gastronomie de exemplu o simpl\u0103 list\u0103 de ingrediente nu este protejat\u0103 prin drepturi de autor. Cu toate acestea, o expresie detaliat\u0103 despre metod\u0103 sau o combina\u021bie de re\u021bete cu ilustra\u021bii \u0219i descrieri poate fi protejat\u0103 prin drepturi de autor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu toate acestea, \u00een cazul gastronomiei avem c\u00e2teva exemple concrete de protec\u021bii europene sau na\u021bionale: IGP, DOP, DOC sau Produs Tradi\u021bional, Produs Montan la ce ne ajut\u0103? Dac\u0103 ob\u021binem, de exemplu, de la minister certificat de produs montan ar trebui s\u0103 protej\u0103m extra sau e de ajuns?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inclusiv \u0219i mai ales \u00een domeniul gastronomiei protec\u021bia re\u021betei, a numelui produsului sau a prezent\u0103rii sale este esen\u021bial\u0103 \u00een primul r\u00e2nd pentru o corecta informare a celor care le consum\u0103. To\u021bi vrem ca re\u021beta de Ple\u0219coi sa fie aceea\u0219i oriunde g\u0103sim de cump\u0103rat acei c\u00e2rna\u021bi celebri, Kurtos kolacs s\u0103 arate la fel si s\u0103 aib\u0103 acela\u0219i gust sau vasele de Horezu sa fie f\u0103cute din argila din acea zon\u0103. Orice forma de protec\u021bie isi are valoarea sa, dar evident si unele condi\u021bion\u0103ri \u0219i limit\u0103ri. Esen\u021bial este sa fie eviden\u021biat\u0103 leg\u0103tura dintre creator, momentul apari\u021biei si caracteristicile pentru care se solicit\u0103 exclusivitatea utiliz\u0103rii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Exist\u0103, spre exemplu, re\u021bete vechi f\u0103r\u0103 drepturi de autor. Dac\u0103 le modific\u0103m pu\u021bin (form\u0103, con\u021binut) le putem \u00eenregistra?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da putem \u00eenregistra dar evident doar aportul nostru, modificarea aceea care reprezint\u0103 o noutate si care diferen\u021biaz\u0103 produsele asem\u0103n\u0103toare. Re\u021betele vechi dac\u0103 sunt uzuale, sunt asimilate cuno\u0219tin\u021belor comune care evident apar\u021bin societ\u0103\u021bii deci nu pot fi revendicate. Pentru restul situa\u021biilor, retete vechi dar neuzuale , trebuie avut \u00een vedere principiul c\u0103ruia o exclusivitate ob\u021binut\u0103 chiar printr-un act emis de un oficiul este anulabil\u0103 dupa analizarea aspectelor legate de original, nou si efort propriu al celui care a solicitat drepturile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dac\u0103 un organism (s\u0103 spunem \u021bar\u0103) \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 o re\u021bet\u0103 (care poate intra \u0219i \u00een patrimoniul UNESCO) noi o mai putem folosi sau modifica? Spre exemplu salata greceasc\u0103 sau pastele carbonara (care au specificate exact ce ingrediente trebuie s\u0103 con\u021bin\u0103) \u0219i dac\u0103 le modific\u0103m avem voie s\u0103 ne folosim de numele ini\u021bial?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Titularul (indiferent daca este o persoana fizica sau cine \u0219tie ce organism interna\u021bional) stabile\u0219te condi\u021biile in care ii poate fi folosita marca, re\u021bet\u0103, imaginea, etc. orice drept de proprietate intelectual\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orice abatere sau rata\u0219are este incorect\u0103 si evident ca genereaz\u0103 un risc financiar\/juridic pentru cel care \u00eencearc\u0103 \u201e \u0219mecherii\u201d care s\u0103 ii aduc\u0103 un beneficiu comercial pe spatele efortului intelectual protejat al unui titular.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Radu Bozocea activeaz\u0103 din 2002 la Weizmann Ariana & Partners, agen\u021bia de proprietate industrial\u0103 cu cele mai multe cereri de m\u0103rci (peste 500) depuse la Oficiul European de Proprietate Intelectual\u0103, conform EUIPO Statistical pack by country 2015-2018. Din anul 2016, este partener senior al biroului din Bucure\u0219ti, iar din 2018 permanent counsel al biroului din Leiden (Olanda) al firmei. 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